Periodontal disease is an infection of the gums and bone supporting the teeth. It often begins with gingivitis, with gums that are red, swollen or bleed when brushed. If left untreated, inflammation can worsen and develop into periodontitis, a more advanced form that can lead to loosening or even loss of teeth.

These diseases are generally caused by plaque and tartar build-up, but other factors such as smoking, stress or certain general illnesses can make them worse.

The good news is that early treatment and good oral hygiene can stabilize the disease and preserve your teeth over the long term. Regular visits to the dentist are essential to detect early signs and take action in good time.